L-Carnitine USP (USP represents the standard of United States pharmacopeia) is an ammonium compound synthesized from the amino acids: lysine and methionine. It is important in the Beta-oxidation of fatty acids in the mitochondria because it transfers the long chain fatty acids into the mitochondria. This results in the release of energy. Administration of a derivative of this chemical has been found to be effective in increasing the level of plasma osteocalcin, a chemical correlated positively with the increase of bone mass. This might help prevent osteoporosis. L-Carnitine also possesses antioxidant properties and primarily protects cell membrane lipids from peroxidation. It also protects the muscle cells and endothelial cells from oxidative stress.

Magnesium Stearate is coommonly used as a filling agent in the manufacture of capsules and tablets, such as vitamins, the source of this ingredient is typically bovine. However, there is an increasing number of vegetarian options in which the product specifically indicates it contains magnesium stearate from vegetable sources.

Vitamin B6, which active form pyridoxal phosphate or otherwise known as PLP and pyridoxal-5’-phosphate, is a prosthetic group of tightly bound cofactors responsible for many reactions within the amino acid metabolism and the manipulation of the enzymatic reaction behind the release of glucose from glycogen. Vitamin B6 generally comprises three organic compounds, pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine, all of them heterocyclic organic compounds that are converted in the human body to the active pyridoxal phosphate form. There are three reactions attributed to PLP, namely transamination, alpha elimination and beta elimination. Over one hundred and forty enzyme activities depend on pyridoxal phosphate, neurotransmitter and histamine synthesis, synthesis and function of hemoglobin, and gene expression. As a cofactor, PLP is active in amino acid metabolism, glucogenesis and lipid metabolism.