Alpha-Ketoglutarate or AAKG is a kind of salt, amino salt to be precise that is being used in dietary and even body building supplement. The protein content that Alpha-Ketoglutarate produces is the ones responsible for producing different hormones that are responsible for muscle growth. Please take note that this is not something that can be compared with steroids. Alpha-Ketoglutarate just helps your body produce the right amount of body building hormones – it basically maintains the body system’s entire metabolic process. For people who have recently undergone surgery, this is what most surgeons recommend. It increases the level of insulin in the body and increased insulin means faster cell regeneration and faster wound healing.

Amylase is also sometimes called a starch blocker. As the name suggests, it prevents the body from absorbing dietary starches. It is present in the saliva. This is particularly benefits diabetic patients because it helps maintain and regulate the blood glucose levels. It also helps in maintaining and losing weight. It is effective in treating obesity. The ingested carbohydrates are broken down by the digestive enzymes which are then absorbed by the body. Amylase limits the capacity of the body in absorbing carbohydrates which are later on turned into glucose, a simple sugar, that can be used by the body as energy fuel.

Bioperine or black pepper, which is a common spice, has medicinal properties. It is a tropical plant and India is the largest producer of Piper Nigrum. It possesses anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. It acts as an antioxidant agent also. Black Pepper contains essential oil, which acts against intestinal flatulence and also stimulates sweating and urination. The essential oil found in Piper Nigrum stimulates stomach cells to produce HCl acid, which helps in digestion. Piper Nigrum also helps in absorption of certain essential micronutrients like coenzyme Q-10, beta-carotene and EGCG. Pepper has its contribution in Ayurvedic medicines also. Pepper seeds are used to prepare sinusitis relieving medicines. It also used for sore throat and dry cough.

Calcium, is a supple gray alkaline earth metal, which is the fifth most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust. Calcium is also at the fifth most profuse dissolved ion in seawater by both molarities and mass. Calcium is a significant nutrient that we require in our bodies. It has many imperative functions. It helps getting strong teeth and bones and is involved in muscle contractions and blood clotting, The calcium is mainly stored in our teeth and bones. Low calcium level may lead to the bone fractures and in some cases porous bones or osteoporosis, generally in old age. The intake of calcium can drop down the high blood pressure, maintain your heart functions, avert gum disease, prevent colon and rectum cancer, and help blood to clot.

Cellulase breaks down fibers. The term cellulase refers to a group of enzymes that target breakdown of cellulose, which is the most abundant and primary structural content of vascular plants. The body cannot digest cellulose, but supplemental cellulase can be consumed to help the breakdown of cellulose into beta-glucose. For producing supplemental cellulase, a nonpathogenic and nontoxicogenic species of fungus, Trichoderma viride, is cultured, from which cellulase is obtained and purified. Beta-glucose has viscous quality in intestinal canal and stomach, and its resistant quality slows down absorption of fats and carbohydrates from food sources. This ensures a positive effect by assisting in maintaining steadier blood levels of cholesterol and sugar after eating.

Coenzyme Q10, used by the body to produce energy for cells and as an antioxidant. Coenzyme Q10 is a biologically active quinone with an isoprenoid side chain, related in structure to vitamin E and vitamin K.

Glucoamylase

Glycerol Phosphate is an anion or a negatively charged ion that is produced from glycerol and phosphoric acid after being acted upon by an enzyme called glycerol kinase. Any glycerophosphoric acid salt or ester are considered to be glycerol phospate. Gycerol phospate is what composes glycerophospholipids. Through dehydrogenation, glycerol phospate could be turned into a biochemical compound known as dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Due to some similarities of the name, glycerol 3-phospate is sometimes being confused with glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

Idebenone is a commercially promoted synthetic analog of coenzyme. It is an organic compound of the quinine family. Idebenone is said to have similar antioxidant properties like the coenzyme. In Europe, idebenone is used as a synthetic analog of coenzyme to treat vascular as well as degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. There is an on going research done on the usage of idebenone to cure Alzheimer’s disease. Research also shows that idebenone may also be beneficial for those suffering from Friedreich's ataxia. In the research conducted on patients of Friedreich’s ataxia, idebenone helped in reducing the rate of deterioration of cardia function. It helped in doing but without halting the progression of ataxia. Another successful use of idebenone has been in the topical application of the treatment of wrinkles.

Inosine is a nucleoside which is a compound consisting of a sugar residue attached to a nitrogenous base. The sugar residue in this case is the five carbon ribose and the nitrogenous base is hypoxanthine, which is a purine. Inosine is a chemical which has some benefits associated with it. Some benefits, for instance its ability to improve muscle growth, are unconfirmed, while others like its neuro-protective ability and its antioxidant properties are recorded. Its use has been suggested for the treatment of spinal cord injury and can also be administered after stroke because it promotes axonal rewiring. It acts as a precursor of uric acid, which is a natural antioxidant and also scavenges peroxynitrite, a property which can be helpful for multiple sclerosis patients.

Lipase is a water-soluble enzyme used by the body to break down dietary fats to make it more absorbable by the intestines. It is manufactured by the pancreas. However, people with certain diseases such as Crohn’s disease and cystic fibrosis produce insufficient lipase and may need supplemental sources from food. Lipase helps with digestion. It reduces bloating, gas, and flatulence. It also relieves the symptom of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). It also helps digest fats and oils that cause weight gain. Lipase aids in controlling the blood cholesterol and blood pressure level. It is also effective in the treatment of celiac disease that causes abdominal pain, weight loss, and fatigue.

Magnesium, which is a mineral used by the body to help maintain muscles, bones, and nerves. Magnesium is also needed for energy metabolism and protein synthesis.

Maltase is an enzyme that acts as a catalyst in converting disaccharide maltose to a more simple form of sugar such as glucose. Maltase is found in yeast, bacteria, and plants such as grains, barley, and starches. Although, it may be ingested in the diet as a supplement, maltase is produced by the body in the intestinal wall’s mucus membrane lining. It works by breaking down polysaccharides and amylose. It functions together with other enzymes such as amylase and glucoamylase in the digestion of foods that are rich carbohydrates. It also helps in relieving stomach discomforts and alleviates abdominal pains. It prevents Acid Maltase Deficiency (AMD).

Phytase is an enzyme that is normally produced in ruminants such as cattle, goat, and sheep. Phytase help the body break down phytic acid found in grains and oil seeds which are normally indigestible for non-ruminants such as humans and dogs. This helps release phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and other nutrients that the body needs. Phytase may be commercially produced by microbial fermentation. Phytase help in ensuring that nutrients, vitamins, and minerals are properly utilized by the body. It helps release phosphorus which plays an important role for bone growth. It also reduces the risks of heavy metal poisoning which may be caused by Dicalcium phosphate.

Potassium is an electrolyte, a substance that maintains the fluid levels in the body. It is helpful in regulating blood pressure and heart function. Intake of potassium can benefit people suffering from hypertension. Research has found that a potassium supplement intake decreased incidence of stroke by 60 percent. It neutralizes acids and restores alkaline salts to bloodstream.  It acts along with sodium cells to maintain or restore membrane potentials. Potassium is also vital for nerve functioning and cardiovascular, and regulates nutrients’ transfer into cells and adds to muscle energy. It also helps recuperative powers, besides regulating water balance. Potassium is beneficial for eliminating wastes. It is helpful in controlling headaches and convulsions, and quickens healing of cuts, bruises and other injuries.

Protease is an enzyme that reduces inflammation. Inflammation is the body's natural response to injury, but increased inflammation retards healing process. It cleanses the blood of organic debris. Protease helps dissolve fibrin in the blood, reducing the risk of clots. Different specialized proteases like nattokinase are good at bettering quality of blood cells, reducing risk of clots, and optimizing ability of blood to flow through circulatory system. This helps decrease risk of stroke. It strengthens the immune system and kills viruses, bacteria, fungi, and molds. Protease eliminates autoimmune diseases. It helps dissolve scar tissue, which is made of protein. Proteolytic enzymes effectively dissolve scar tissue, especially in circulatory system. It can help decrease symptoms of MS, cleanse lungs and assist in detoxing.

Sucrase is a naturally occurring enzyme in the small intestine that aids in breaking down sucrose to form glucose and fructose. Sucrase is sometimes also referred to as invertase or saccharase. The official name used for Sucrase is beta-fructofuranosidase. Sucrase is commonly used in the food industry as an additive where in fructose is preferred. It is also used to improve the shelf-life of confectionaries. Sucrase is important in the body. When the small intestine fails to produce Sucrase, it may result in sucrose intolerance (Congenital Sucrase-Isomaltase Deficiency or CSID). It causes diarrhea, excess gas, flatulence, and malabsorption of sucrose. This is also related to the ability to hydrolyze the lactose.

Trimethylglycine, which is also known as betaine, due to the source it was discovered in, Beta vulgaris or sugar beets, is an organic compound that is deemed related to trimethylaminoethanol, or choline. To diversify it from other betaines, trimethylglycine is often called glycine betaine as well. Humans generally ingest betaine through their diet, because it is high in content in wheat, whole wheat, shellfish, sugar beets and spinach. It can also be formed in the human body out of choline. As a potential methyl donor, trimethylglycine, or TMG for short, is in the same provider group with Vitamin B12, the folic acid, choline and S-adenosyl methionine, or SAMe. TMG also plays a vital function in the production of carnitine, furthermore it works in protecting kidneys and the liver.

Vitamin E, an anti-oxidant nutrient, neutralizes free radicals in the human body to prevent cell damage. This fat-soluble vitamin not only aids the formation of red blood cells but also helps in the absorption of vitamins A, C and K. It is also very helpful to fight various ailments. Since the human body cannot produce vitamin E on its own; it has to be incorporated in our daily diet. This can be done either by consuming foods that are rich in vitamin E or by taking vitamin E supplements. The RDA for adult males is 10 mg. while 8 mg. is the daily requirement for adult females. Expecting and nursing women should compulsorily take 10 mg. of vitamin E supplements. Vitamin E supplements are most effective when consumed with food.